IRIX Base Documentation 1998 November

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F77(1) Last changed: 2-21-98 NNAAMMEE ff7777, ffoorrtt7777 - MIPS and MIPSpro F77 compiler SSYYNNOOPPSSIISS ff7777 [----] [--6644] [--aalliiggnn_n] [--aannssii[[_a_r_g]]] [--aavvooiidd__ggpp__oovveerrffllooww] [--bbaacckkssllaasshh] [--cc] [--cchhaarraarrgg11] [--cchhuunnkk==_i_n_t_e_g_e_r] [--ccooll_n] [--ccoorrdd] [--ccpppp] [--ccrraayylliibbss] [--DD_n_a_m_e==[[_d_e_f]]] [--DDEEBBUUGG::......] [--dd_n] [--dd__lliinneess] [--dduummpp__iinnppuutt] [--EE] [--eexxppaanndd__iinncclluuddee] [--eexxtteenndd__ssoouurrccee] [--FFLLIISSTT::......] [--ffbb_f_i_l_e] [--ffee] [--ffeeeeddbbaacckk] [--GG_n_u_m] [--gg_l_e_v_e_l] [--hheellpp] [--II] [--ii_n] [--iiggnnoorree__ssuuffffiixx] [--IINNLLIINNEE::......] [--IIPPAA::......] [--kkeeeepp] [--kkeeeeppddoollllaarr] [--KKPPIICC] [--LL_d_i_r_e_c_t_o_r_y] [--ll_l_i_b_r_a_r_y] [--LLAANNGG::rreeccuurrssiivvee==_f_l_a_g] [--LLIISSTT::......] [--lliissttiinngg] [--LLNNOO::......] [--MM] [--MMDDuuppddaattee_f_i_l_e_n_a_m_e] [--MMPP::......] [--mmiippss_n] [--mmpp] [--mmpp__kkeeeepp] [--mmppiioo] [--mmpp__sscchheeddttyyppee==_t_y_p_e] [--nn3322] [--NNCC_n_n_n] [--nnooaappppeenndd] [--nnooccpppp] [--nnooeexxppoopptt] [--nnooeexxtteenndd__ssoouurrccee] [--nnooff7777] [--nnooii44] [--nnoonn__sshhaarreedd] [--nnoossttddiinncc] [--oonneettrriipp] [--oo_o_u_t_p_u_t] [--OO_l_e_v_e_l] [--OOPPTT::......] [--PP] [--ppffaa[[_a_r_g]]] [--ppffaapprreeppaassss] [--rr_n] [--rr55000000] [--rr88000000] [--rr1100000000] [--SS] [--sshhooww] [--sshhooww__ddeeffaauullttss] [--ssttaattiicc] [--TTAARRGG::......] [--TTEENNVV::......] [--UU_n_a_m_e] [--uussee__rreeaaddwwrriittee__ccoonnsstt||--uussee__rreeaaddoonnllyy__ccoonnsstt] [--vveerrssiioonn] [--wwooffff_n_u_m_b_e_r] [--xxggoott] _f_i_l_e.[_s_u_f_f_i_x] IIMMPPLLEEMMEENNTTAATTIIOONN IRIX systems MMAANN PPAAGGEE OORRGGAANNIIZZAATTIIOONN This man page describes each option to the ff7777 compiler command. The man page is divided into the following subsections: * DESCRIPTION, which provides a general overview about the compiler. * ISA/ABI COMMAND LINE OPTIONS, which describes the specific command line options needed to select a specific Application Binary Interface (ABI) or Instruction Set Architecture (ISA). * OPTION DESCRIPTIONS, which provides a complete description of each compiler option. The options are described in alphabetical order. * OPTIONS FOR DEVELOPMENT, which lists several options used to aid compiler development and which are not generally used. The information for the --oo3322 ABI is no longer included on this man page. See the oo3322(5) man page for details. All optimization information has also been moved from this man page and is now on separate man pages. See the LLNNOO(5) man page and the OOPPTT(5) man page for information about the --LLNNOO and the --OOPPTT options. DDEESSCCRRIIPPTTIIOONN The SGI Fortran 77 compiler supports three different Application Binary Interfaces (ABI) controlled by the --oo3322, --nn3322, and --6644 options (see aabbii((55)) for information about the Application Binary Interface). The --oo3322 options are described on the oo3322(5) man page. The compiler produces files in the following formats: * SGI object code in eellff format (the normal result) * binary intermediate files * symbolic assembly language * binary ucode files (--oo3322 only) ff7777 accepts several types of arguments: * Arguments with names ending with ..ff or ..FF are assumed to be FORTRAN 77 source programs. The programs are compiled, and each object program is left in a file named with the last component of the source, with ..oo substituted for the ..ff or ..FF extensions. The ..oo file is deleted only when a single source program is compiled and loaded at one time. * Arguments with names ending with ..ss are assumed to be symbolic assembly language source programs. When these programs are assembled, they produce a ..oo file. * Arguments with names ending with ..ii are assumed to be ff7777 source after being processed by the C preprocessor. They are compiled without predefining any symbols. The --nnooccpppp option is ignored when compiling ..ii files. The following are the predefined symbols used by ff7777 for ..ff or ..FF files: LLAANNGGUUAAGGEE__FFOORRTTRRAANN __LLAANNGGUUAAGGEE__FFOORRTTRRAANN MMIIPPSSEEBB __MMIIPPSSEEBB mmiippss hhoosstt__mmiippss ____hhoosstt__mmiippss ssggii ____ssggii __SSGGII__SSOOUURRCCEE __SSYYSSTTYYPPEE__SSVVRR44 __SSVVRR44__SSOOUURRCCEE uunniixx ____uunniixx ff7777 defines the LLAANNGGUUAAGGEE__AASSSSEEMMBBLLYY and __LLAANNGGUUAAGGEE__AASSSSEEMMBBLLYY preprocessor symbols when a ..ss file is being compiled. Use the ff7777 --sshhooww command to check the definitions that are in use. OOppttiioonn ggrroouuppss Many ff7777 options can be divided into _o_p_t_i_o_n _g_r_o_u_p_s of related options; for example, those that specify optimization choices, or that specify target machine attributes. The following is the command line format for group options: -_g_r_o_u_p_n_a_m_e::_o_p_t_i_o_n[==_v_a_l_u_e]][[::_o_p_t_2[[==_v_a_l_2]]]]...... The group name is followed by a colon-separated list of options. These options are composed of an option name which can be followed by an equal sign and a value. The option name can be abbreviated by truncating it to a unique prefix; note that the abbreviation may change when new options are added to the group. These option groups are available only when compiling with --nn3322 or --6644. The options described on this man page are interpreted by ff7777. See lldd (1) for load-time options. IISSAA//AABBII CCOOMMMMAANNDD LLIINNEE OOPPTTIIOONNSS The following options control the choice of ABI and Instruction Set Architecture (ISA). --oo3322 or --3322 Generate a 32-bit object. This defaults to --mmiippss22 if --mmiippss11 is not specified. This is the default when compiling on any non-R8000 based system, if no default specification file is present. See the oo3322(5) man page for details. --6644 Generate a 64-bit object. This defaults to --mmiippss44 if --mmiippss33 is not specified. This is the default when compiling on any R8000 based system, if no default specification file is present. See the Defaults Specification Files subsection at the end of this man page for details. --nn3322 Generate an nn3322 object. This defaults to --mmiippss33 if --mmiippss44 is not specified. --mmiippss_n Determine architecture type. _n can be one of the following values: 11 Generate code using the instruction set of the R2000/R3000 RISC architecture, and search for mmiippss11 libraries/objects at link time. This defaults to --oo3322.. 22 Generate code using the MIPS II instruction set (MIPS I + R4000 specific extensions), and search for mmiippss22 libraries/objects at link time. This defaults to --oo3322.. 33 Generate code using the full MIPS III (e.g. R4000) instruction set, and search for mmiippss33 libraries/objects at link time. This defaults to --nn3322 if --6644 has not been specified. On R8000- based systems this defaults to --6644. 44 Generate code using the full MIPS IV instruction set which is supported on R10000, R5000 and R8000 systems. Also search for mmiippss44 libraries/objects at link time. This is the default on R8000 systems. This defaults to --nn3322 if --6644 is not specified. On R8000-based systems it defaults to --6644. OOPPTTIIOONN DDEESSCCRRIIPPTTIIOONNSS ---- Specify the first option to be discarded. In XPG4 mode, standard utilities that do not accept options but do accept operands recognize ---- as the first argument to be discarded. This is used by portable applications as a way to shield their operands from any arbitrary options that the implementation may provide as an extension. For example, if the standard utility ffoooo is listed as taking no options, and the application must give it a pathname with a leading hyphen, it could safely do it as the following: ffoooo ---- --mmyyffiillee This avoids any problems with --mm used as an extension. --aalliiggnn_n Determine object alignment. Valid for all ABIs. _n can be one of the following values: 88 Permits objects larger than 8 bits to be aligned on 8-bit boundaries. Using this option has the largest impact on performance. 1166 Permits objects larger than 16 bits to be aligned on 16-bit boundaries. 16-bit objects must still be aligned on 16-bit boundaries as per MC68000-like alignment rules. 3322 Permits objects larger than 32 bits to be aligned on 32-bit boundaries. 16-bit objects must still be aligned on 16-bit boundaries, and 32-bit objects must still be aligned on 32-bit boundaries. This is the default for MIPS 1 code. 6644 Enforces alignment on 64-bit boundaries for 64-bit and larger objects; all smaller objects must still be aligned on the corresponding boundaries. This is the default for programs compiled with the --mmiippss22 option. 112288 Enforces alignment on 128-bit boundaries for 128- bit objects; all smaller objects must still be aligned on the corresponding boundaries. This is the default for programs compiled with the --nn3322 or --6644 options. --aannssii[[_a_r_g]] Determine diagnostic messages. Using --aannssii without any argument causes the compiler to diagnose any use of extensions which are not defined in the ANSI FORTRAN 77 standard. Valid for all ABIs. This option is ignored if --oo3322 is used. Using --aannssiiEE causes the compiler to issue error messages for the use of extensions which are not defined in the ANSI FORTRAN 77 standard. Using --aannssiiWW causes the compiler to issue warning messages for the use of extensions which are not defined in the ANSI FORTRAN 77 standard. aannssiiWW is the default. --aavvooiidd__ggpp__oovveerrffllooww Assert flags which are intended to avoid Global Offset Table (GOT) overflow. --bbaacckkssllaasshh Treat the backslash character as a normal character instead of as an escape sequence character. Valid for all ABIs. For example, when this is used the sequence "\t" is treated as two separate characters instead of as a single TTAABB character. --cc Suppress the loading phase of the compilation and force an object file to be produced even if only one program is compiled. --cchhaarraarrgg11 Count arguments on the argument stack. Used with --nn3322 or --6644 only. For subroutines accepting a variable number of arguments, the default is to count all arguments on the argument stack. Therefore, for each character argument, the count will be 2 because both the address of the character argument and its length are put on the argument stack. The --cchhaarraarrgg11 option is provided to count each character argument as only one argument. --cchhuunnkk==_i_n_t_e_g_e_r Cause the same effect as putting a CC$$CCHHUUNNKK==_i_n_t_e_g_e_r directive at the beginning of the file. --ccoorrdd Run the procedure rearranger. See the cccc(1) man page for details. --ccooll_n Determine the source statement format. _n can be one of the following: 7722 Sets the source statement format to the following: CCoolluummnn CCoonntteennttss 1-5 Statement label 6 Continuation indicator 7-72 Statement body 73-end Ignored 112200 Sets the source statement format to the following: CCoolluummnn CCoonntteennttss 1-5 Statement label 6 Continuation indicator 7-120 Statement body 121-end Ignored --ccpppp Run the C macro preprocessor on the files before compiling. This is the default. --ccrraayylliibbss Uses the Cray Research I/O library. --DD_n_a_m_e==[[_d_e_f]] or --DD_n_a_m_e Define the _n_a_m_e to the C macro preprocessor, as if by ##ddeeffiinnee. If no definition is given, the name is defined as 11. --DDEEBBUUGG::... Use the debugging features. This option controls compiler features related to debugging; for example, checking for possible errors (at compile time or execution time), or controlling the treatment of warning messages. See the DDEEBBUUGG__ggrroouupp(5) man page for more information, including the individual options in this group. Also see the --gg option for controlling information produced for the debugger. --dd_n Set double precision variable size. Valid for all ABIs. _n can be one of the following values: 88 Use RREEAALL**88 for any variables declared as DDOOUUBBLLEE PPRREECCIISSIIOONN, and CCOOMMPPLLEEXX**1166 for any variables declared as DDOOUUBBLLEE CCOOMMPPLLEEXX. This is the default. 1166 Use RREEAALL**1166 for any variables declared as DDOOUUBBLLEE PPRREECCIISSIIOONN, and CCOOMMPPLLEEXX**3322 for any variables declared as DDOOUUBBLLEE CCOOMMPPLLEEXX. 1166ccoonnsstt Use RREEAALL**1166 and CCOOMMPPLLEEXX**3322 as the defaults for DDOOUUBBLLEE PPRREECCIISSIIOONN and DDOOUUBBLLEE CCOOMMPPLLEEXX constants, respectively, except when used as actual arguments. Used with --nn3322 or --6644 only. --dd__lliinneess Specify that lines with a DD in column 1 are to be compiled and not to be treated as comment lines. Valid for all ABIs. The default is to treat lines with a DD in column 1 as comment lines. --dduummpp__iinnppuutt Generate the Fortran listing file to ssttddeerrrr. Used with --nn3322 or --6644 only. --EE Run only the C macro preprocessor files (without considering suffixes), and send the result to the standard output. The resultant output will contain line directives. This overrides the --nnooccpppp option. --eexxppaanndd__iinncclluuddee Expand all iinncclluuddee statements in the Fortran listing file. Used with --nn3322 or --6644 only. This option is only applicable when used with the --lliissttiinngg option. --eexxtteenndd__ssoouurrccee Pad each source line (if necessary) to make it 132 bytes long and give a warning if it exceeds 132 bytes. Valid for all ABIs. --FFLLIISSTT:: ...... Invoke the Fortran listing control group, (which controls production of the compiler's internal program representation back into Fortran code), after IPA inlining and loop-nest transformations. This is used primarily as a diagnostic tool, and the generated Fortran code may not always compile. This option may be discontinued in future compiler releases. The following are the individual controls in this group: ==_f_l_a_g Enable or disable the listing. _f_l_a_g can be either OONN or OOFFFF. This option is implied by any of the others, but may be used to enable the listing when no other options are required, as in this example: --FFLLIISSTT::==OONN aannssii__ffoorrmmaatt==_f_l_a_g Set the ANSI format. _f_l_a_g can be either OONN or OOFFFF. This uses a space (instead of tab) indentation and a maximum of 72 characters per line. The default is OOFFFF. eemmiitt__ppffeettcchh==_f_l_a_g Indicate prefetch information as comments in the transformed source. _f_l_a_g can be either OONN or OOFFFF. In the listing, the upper case PPRREEFFEETTCCHH denotes a prefetch and includes the variable reference (with an offset in bytes), an indication of read/write, a stride for each dimension, and a number in the range from 1 (low) to 3 (high) reflecting the confidence in the prefetch analysis. The lower case pprreeffeettcchh comments identify the reference(s) being prefetched by the PPRREEFFEETTCCHH descriptor above. The comments occur after a read/write to a variable, and give the identifier of the PPRREEFFEETTCCHH-spec for each level of the cache. The default is OOFFFF. ffttnn__ffiillee==_f_i_l_e_n_a_m_e Specify the file where the program will be stored. This defaults to the source file name with extension ..ww22ff..ff. lliinneelleennggtthh==_n Set the maximum line length to _n characters. sshhooww==_f_l_a_g Print the input and output filenames to ssttddeerrrr. _f_l_a_g can be either OONN or OOFFFF. The default is OONN. --ffbb _f_i_l_e Specify the feedback file to be used. Used with --nn3322 or --6644 only. This file (with the suffix ..ccffbb) can be produced by pprrooff(1) with its --ffeeeeddbbaacckk option from or more ..CCoouunnttss files generated by the execution of the instrumented program produced by ppiixxiiee(1). --ffee Stop compilation immediately after the front-end is run. Used with --nn3322 or --6644 only. --ffeeeeddbbaacckk Specify the feedback file to use. See the cccc(1) man page for details. --GG_n_u_m Specify the maximum size, in bytes, of a data item that is to be accessed from the global pointer. _n_u_m must a decimal number. If _n_u_m is 0, no data is accessed. The default value for _n_u_m is 8 bytes. Data stored relative to the global pointer can be accessed by the program quickly, but this space is limited. Large programs may overflow the space accessed by the global pointer at load time. If the loader gives the BBaadd --GG nnuumm vvaalluuee error message, recompile the program with --GG00. Use the same value for this option or for compiling all files that comprise a program executable or DSO. A preferred alternative is to use the --TTEENNVV sshhoorrtt__lliittss and --TTEENNVV sshhoorrtt__ddaattaa options from the --TTEENNVV:: option group (see the description for --TTEENNVV for details). The --TTEENNVV options provide better control. Either of those options override --GG. This option is non-standard and may not be supported across product lines. --gg_l_e_v_e_l Set debugging level. _l_e_v_e_l can have one of the following values: 11 Produce no debugging information for symbolic debugging. This is the default. --gg or 22 Produce additional debugging information for full symbolic debugging and not do optimizations that limit full symbolic debugging. These values override the --OO, --OO11, --OO22, --OO33 optimization options. 33 Produce additional debugging information for symbolic debugging of fully optimized code. This option makes the debugger inaccurate. This option can be used with the --OO, --OO11, --OO22, --OO33 optimization options. --hheellpp List all available options; this does not invoke the compiler. Used with --nn3322 or --6644 only. --II[[_d_i_r]] Determine searching options for iinncclluuddee files. Using --II without an argument disables searching for ##iinncclluuddee files in the standard directory ( //uussrr//iinncclluuddee ). This option will be phased out in a future release; --nnoossttddiinncc should be used in its place. Using --II _d_i_r allows you to specify a directory for searching. ##iinncclluuddee files whose names do not begin with // are always sought first in the directory of the _f_i_l_e argument, then in directories specified in --II options, and finally in the standard directory (//uussrr//iinncclluuddee). --ii_n Set size for integer values. Valid for all ABIs. _n can be one of the following values: 22 Make the default integer constants and variables short (2 bytes). All logical quantities will also be short. 44 Make the default integer constants and variables long (4 bytes). All logical quantities will also be long. This is the default. 88 Make the default integer constants and variables 64 bits (8 bytes). All logical quantities will also be 64 bits. --iiggnnoorree__ssuuffffiixx Set compiler invocation. Used with --nn3322 or --6644 only. By default the compiler uses file suffixes to determine the programming compile language. For example, ff7777 ffiillee..cc invokes the C compiler. By using the --iiggnnoorree__ssuuffffiixx option, the language is determined solely by how the compiler is invoked. Therefore, in the above example, ff7777 ffiillee..cc invokes the F77 compiler. --IINNLLIINNEE:: ...... Invoke the standalone inliner option group, which controls application of intra-file subprogram inlining when interprocedural analysis is not enabled. See the description of --IIPPAA for details. See the iippaa((55)) man page for more information, including the individual options in this group. --IIPPAA:: ... Invoke the Inter-Procedural Analyzer option group which controls application of inter-procedural analysis and optimization, including inlining, common block array padding, constant propagation, dead function elimination, alias analysis and others. Use --IIPPAA by itself to invoke the interprocedural analysis phase with default options. If you compile the program and link it in distinct steps, you must use at least --IIPPAA for the compile step, and specify --IIPPAA and the individual options in the group for the link step. See the iippaa((55)) man page for more information, including the individual options in this group. --kkeeeepp Build intermediate compilation files named after the corresponding source files, with the suffix replaced by one that is appropriate for the type of intermediate file (e.g. the front end generates a binary intermediate ..BB file). These intermediate files are never removed even when a compilation pass encounters a fatal error. This option is non-standard and may not be supported across product lines. --kkeeeeppddoollllaarr Treat $$ as a normal last character. Used with --nn3322 or --6644 only. --KKPPIICC Generate position-independent code (PIC). This is the default and is needed for programs linking with dynamic shared libraries. Specify --nnoonn__sshhaarreedd on the command line to disable the generation of PIC code. --LL _d_i_r_e_c_t_o_r_y Change the algorithm of searching for libraries in XPG4 mode. _d_i_r_e_c_t_o_r_y is the path to a directory that should be searched before using the default system libraries. Directories named are searched in the specified order. You can specify multiple --LL options on the command line. --ll _l_i_b_r_a_r_y Search the library named lliibb..IIRR_l_i_b_r_a_r_y..aa (XPG4 mode). A library is searched when its name is encountered, so the placement of this option is significant. --LLAANNGG:: rreeccuurrssiivvee==_f_l_a_g Invoke the language option control group to control recursion support. _f_l_a_g can be either OONN or OOFFFF. In either mode, the compiler supports a recursive, stack- based calling sequence. The difference lies in the optimization of statically allocated local variables. With --LLAANNGG::rreeccuurrssiivvee==OONN, a statically allocated local variable could be referenced or modified by a recursive procedure call, and therefore must be stored into memory before making a call and reloaded afterwards. With --LLAANNGG::rreeccuurrssiivvee==OOFFFF, the compiler can safely assume a statically allocated local variable will not be referenced or modified by a procedure call and will be able to optimize more aggressively. The default is --LLAANNGG::rreeccuurrssiivvee==OOFFFF. --LLIISSTT:: ...... Invoke the listing option flag, which controls information that is written to a listing (..ll) file and to the assembly listing file if the ff7777 --SS option is used. The following are the individual controls in this group: ==_f_l_a_g Enable or disable writing the listing file. _f_l_a_g can be either OONN or OOFFFF. The default is --LLIISSTT==OONN if any --LLIISSTT:: group options are enabled. By default, the listing file contains a list of options enabled. aallll__ooppttiioonnss==_f_l_a_g Enable or disable listing of most supported options. _f_l_a_g can be either OONN or OOFFFF. The default is --LLIISSTT::aallll__ooppttiioonnss==OOFFFF. nnootteess==_f_l_a_g Enable or disable comment notes. If an assembly listing is generated (for example, when using ff7777 --SS) parts of the compiler such as software pipelining can place notes into the program as comments describing what has been done. Setting this option to --LLIISSTT::nnootteess==OOFFFF suppresses the notes. The default is --LLIISSTT::nnootteess==OONN. ooppttiioonnss==_f_l_a_g Enable or disable listing of the options modified (directly in the command line, or indirectly as a side effect of other options). _f_l_a_g can be either OONN or OOFFFF. The default is --LLIISSTT::ooppttiioonnss==OOFFFF. ssyymmbboollss==_f_l_a_g Enable or disable listing of information about the symbols (variables) managed by the compiler. _f_l_a_g can be either OONN or OOFFFF. --lliissttiinngg Produce the listing file which has the source listing (with line type code), compilation flags, and error codes. The listing file has a ..LL extension. --LLNNOO Invoke the loop nest optimizer. See the LLNNOO(5) man page for details about the options available with --LLNNOO. --MM Run only the macro preprocessor on the named C programs, requesting it to generate mmaakkee dependencies and send the result to the standard output. Used with --nn3322 or --6644 only. --MMDDuuppddaattee _f_i_l_e_n_a_m_e While compiling, update _f_i_l_e_n_a_m_e to contain header, library, and runtime mmaakkee(1) dependencies for the ff7777 output file. ff7777 --MMDDuuppddaattee updates only lines that end with a distinctive mmaakkee comment and begin with the name of the output file followed by a colon. Used with --nn3322 or --6644 only. --MMPP:: ...... Enable or disable multiprocessing features under --nn3322 and --6644. All of the features are enabled by default under --mmpp.. The following are the individual controls in this group: ddssmm==_f_l_a_g Enable or disable data distribution. _f_l_a_g can be either OONN or OOFFFF. The default is --MMPP::ddssmm==OONN. cclloonnee==_f_l_a_g Enable or disable auto-cloning. _f_l_a_g can be either OONN or OOFFFF. The compiler automatically clones procedures that are called with reshaped arrays as parameters for the incoming distribution. However, if you have explicitly specified the distribution on all relevant formal parameters, you can disable auto-cloning with --MMPP::cclloonnee==OOFFFF.. The consistency checking of the distribution between actual and formal parameters is not affected by this flag, and is always enabled. cchheecckk__rreesshhaappee==_f_l_a_g Enable or disable generation of the runtime consistency checks across procedure boundaries when passing reshaped arrays (or portions thereof) as parameters. _f_l_a_g can be either OONN or OOFFFF. The default is --MMPP::cchheecckk__rreesshhaappee==OOFFFF. ooppeenn__mmpp==_f_l_a_g Enable or disable compiler to use OpenMP directives. _f_l_a_g can be either OONN or OOFFFF. The default is --MMPP::ooppeenn__mmpp==OONN. oolldd__mmpp==_f_l_a_g Enable or disable recognition of the Silicon Graphics multiprocessing directives and the PCF directives. These directives are outmoded; their preferred alternatives are the OpenMP directives, which are described in the _M_I_P_S_p_r_o _F_o_r_t_r_a_n _7_7 _P_r_o_g_r_a_m_m_e_r'_s _G_u_i_d_e. _f_l_a_g can be either OONN or OOFFFF. When debugging a multiprocessed program with ddbbxx, issue the following command: ignore TERM When debugging a multiprocessed program with ccvvdd, select the VViieewwss//SSiiggnnaall panel, and select ddiissaabbllee SSIIGGTTEERRMM. Debugging is possible without these commands, but the program may not terminate gracefully after execution. --mmpp Enable the multiprocessing and distributed shared memory (DSM) (--nn3322, --6644) directives. --mmpp__kkeeeepp Keep the compiler generated temporary file and generate correct line numbers for debugging multiprocessed DDOO loops. Valid for all ABIs. This option should be used with either the --mmpp or the --ppffaa options. The saved file name has the following form: $$TTMMPPDDIIRR//PP<<_u_s_e_r__s_u_b_r_o_u_t_i_n_e__n_a_m_e>><<_m_a_c_h_i_n_e__n_a_m_e>><<_p_i_d>> If the TTMMPPDDIIRR environment variable is not set, the file is stored in //ttmmpp. --mmppiioo Allow Fortran I/O to be executed from multiple threads. Valid for all ABIs. See FFTTNN__MMPPIIOO(5) for details. --mmpp__sscchheeddttyyppee== _t_y_p_e Causes the same effect as putting a CC$$MMPP__SSCCHHEEDDTTYYPPEE==_t_y_p_e directive at the beginning of the file. The following are the supported values for _t_y_p_e: ssiimmppllee iinntteerrlleeaavvee ddyynnaammiicc ggssss rruunnttiimmee --NNCC_n_n_n Set the maximum number of continuation lines. The default is 99. Used with --nn3322 or --6644 only. --nnooaappppeenndd Do not append an underbar to externally-visible names (appending an unbar is the default behavior). Used with --nn3322 or --6644 only. --nnooccpppp Do not run the C macro preprocessor on C and assembly source files before compiling. --nnooeexxppoopptt Do not optimize exponential operation. Used with --nn3322 or --6644 only. This option is used to obtain the same precision as releases prior to 4D1-4.0 without using the exponentiation optimization. The new optimization might give some precision differences in double precision exponential operations. --nnooeexxtteenndd__ssoouurrccee Restrict the range of source text from column 1 through column 72. Valid for all ABIs. --nnooff7777 Cause some statements to behave like Fortran 66. Used with --nn3322 or --6644 only. --nnooii44 Make integers and logicals 2 bytes. Used with --nn3322 or --6644 only. --nnoonn__sshhaarreedd Specify that the compiler should build a non-shared object. This is the opposite of --KKPPIICC. This option causes the linker to search the nnoonnsshhaarreedd subdirectory of each default library search directory. See lldd(1) for more information. The linker changes the default archive extensions to ..aa instead of ..ssoo. The appropriate non-shared library images must be installed. Programs built with the --nnoonn__sshhaarreedd option are not portable across platforms. --nnoossttddiinncc Disable searching for ##iinncclluuddee files in the standard directory (//uussrr//iinncclluuddee). --oonneettrriipp or --11 Compile DDOO loops that execute at least once if reached. (FORTRAN 77 DDOO loops are not executed if the upper limit is smaller than the lower limit.) Valid for all ABIs. B --oo _o_u_t_p_u_t Name the final output file _o_u_t_p_u_t. If this option is used, the file aa..oouutt is undisturbed. --OO_l_e_v_e_l Specify the basic level of optimization desired. _l_e_v_e_l can be one of the following values: _l_e_v_e_l Action 00 Turn off all optimizations. This is the default for --nn3322 and --6644 compilations. 11 Turn on local optimizations that can be done quickly. This is the default for --oo3322 compilations. --OO or --OO22 Turn on extensive optimization. The optimizations at this level are generally conservative; they are usually beneficial, provide improvements commensurate to the compile time spent to achieve them, and avoid changes which affect such things as floating-point accuracy. Under --oo3322 in XPG4 mode, --OO is not accepted, and the optimization level should follow the --OO flag. 33 Turn on aggressive optimization. The optimizations at this level are distinguished from 22 by their aggressiveness, generally seeking highest-quality generated code even if it requires extensive compile time. They may include optimizations which are generally beneficial but occasionally hurt performance. Under --nn3322 or --6644 this level also enables the --OOPPTT::rroouunnddooffff==22 option which does aggressive rearrangement of floating- point calculations with potential effects on accuracy. See the OOPPTT(5) man page for details about the use of the --OOPPTT option. ffaasstt[[==_i_p_x_x]] Maximizes performance for the target platform specified by _i_p_x_x. Used with --nn3322 or --6644 only. The optimizations may differ between releases of the compiler, and among the supported platforms. The optimizations will always enable the full instruction set of the target platform (for example, --mmiippss44 for an R10000). The optimizations may affect floating point accuracy due to rearrangement of computations. Typical optimizations selected include the following: -O3 -IPA -TARG:platform=_i_p_x_x --nn3322 --OOPPTT::OOlliimmiitt==00::rroouunnddooffff==33::ddiivv__sspplliitt==OONN::aalliiaass==ttyyppeedd See the description of --TTAARRGG::ppllaattffoorrmm==_i_p_x_x for valid values for _i_p_x_x. To determine precisely what options are set by --OOffaasstt, use the --LLIISSTT::ooppttiioonnss command. The default is an R10000 Power Challenge, iipp2255. --OOPPTT Invoke the optimization control group. See the OOPPTT(5) man page for details about this optimization group. --PP Run only the C macro preprocessor and put the result for each source file (e.g., ..ff, ..FF and ..ss) in a corresponding ..ii file. The ..ii file has no ## lines in it. --ppffaa[[_a_r_g]] Run the automatic parallelization pass of the back-end (--nn3322 or --6644 only) or the ppffaa preprocessor to automatically discover parallelism in the source code. This also enables the multiprocessing directives. _a_r_g can be either lliisstt or kkeeeepp. --ppffaa lliisstt runs the automatic parallelization option of the back-end when used with --nn3322, --6644, or ppffaa --oo3322. This also produces a listing file with a ..aannll suffix (when used with --nn3322, --6644) or a file with a ..ll suffix (when used with --oo3322) explaining which loops were parallelized, and if not, why not. --ppffaa kkeeeepp runs the automatic parallelization option of the back-end when used with --nn3322 or --6644 or ppffaa with --oo3322 and produces the listing file, and also keeps the transformed multiprocessed Fortran intermediate file in a file with suffix ..mm. --ppffaapprreeppaassss Permit source code to be passed through ppffaa multiple times. ppffaa is run using the options found on the --ppffaapprreeppaassss option, except that no parallel compiler directives are generated. The output from this pre- pass is then fed back into ppffaa , using the normal options. This is useful on some programs. For most programs, multiple passes have no effect. This option should only be used when it is determined that it will be useful. Options to ppffaa appear on the --ppffaapprreeppaassss option exactly as in the --WWKK option. Multiple --ppffaapprreeppaassss options may be used; they are executed in left to right order. This option requires Power Fortran 77. --rr_n Set value for real numbers. Valid for all ABIs. _n can be one of the following values: 44 Use RREEAALL**44 and CCOOMMPPLLEEXX**88 as the defaults for real and complex variables when they are not explicitly declared with a length. This is the default. 88 Use RREEAALL**88 and CCOOMMPPLLEEXX**1166 as the defaults for real and complex variables when they are not explicitly declared with a length. This option is often needed when the porting of programs from 64-bit machines may result in convergence problems (and very long execution time) if the floating-point accuracy is inadequate. 88ccoonnsstt Use RREEAALL**88 and CCOOMMPPLLEEXX**1166 as the defaults for real and complex constants, respectively, except when used as actual arguments. Used with --nn3322 or --6644 only. rr55000000 Schedule code for the R5000 and add --LL//uussrr//lliibb{{3322,,6644}}//mmiippss{{33,,44}}//rr55000000 to the head of the library search path depending on which ABI and ISA is specified or implied. rr88000000 Schedule code for the R8000 and add --LL//uussrr//lliibb{{3322,,6644}}//mmiippss{{33,,44}}//rr88000000 to the head of the library search path depending on which ABI and ISA is specified or implied. rr1100000000 Schedule code for the R10000 and add --LL//uussrr//lliibb{{3322,,6644}}//mmiippss{{33,,44}}//rr1100000000 to the head of the library search path depending on which ABI and ISA is specified or implied. --SS Compile the specified source programs and leave the symbolic assembly language output in corresponding files suffixed with ..ss. --sshhooww Print the passes as they execute with their arguments and their input and output files. --sshhooww__ddeeffaauullttss List all defaults used in the compiler environment. This option does not compile the program. --ssttaattiicc Cause all local variables to be statically allocated. Valid for all ABIs. Statically allocated local variables are initialized to zero and exist for the life of the program. This option is usually needed for programs ported from older systems (for example, VMS) where all variables are statically allocated. --TTAARRGG:: ...... Invoke the target option group, which controls the target architecture and machine for which code is generated. The following are the individual controls in this group: ppllaattffoorrmm[[==_i_p_x_x]] Identify the target SGI platform for compilation, choosing the appropriate internal parameters (such as cache sizes). The following are the currently supported values: iipp1199 iipp2200 iipp2211 iipp2222__44kk iipp2222__55kk iipp2244 iipp2255 iipp2266 iipp2277 iipp2288 iipp3300 iipp3322__55kk iipp3322__1100kk Determine the appropriate selection for your platform by using the following command: hinv -c processor The first line of the output identifies the proper IP number, and for those cases where a processor suffix (for example, ''__44kk'')) is required, the next line identifies the processor (e.g. R4000). ffpp__pprreecciissee==_f_l_a_g Force the target processor into precise floating-point mode at execution time. _f_l_a_g can be either OONN or OOFFFF. If you use this option to compile any of the component source files of a program, this feature is invoked in the resulting program. This option is only meaningful for R8000 target processors, and can cause significant performance degradation for programs with heavy floating-point usage. See the ffppmmooddee(1) command for more information. mmaadddd==_f_l_a_g Enable or disable transformations to use multiply/add instructions. _f_l_a_g can be either OONN or OOFFFF. These instructions perform a multiply and an add with a single round- off. They are, therefore, more accurate than the usual discrete operations, and may cause results to not match baselines from other targets. Use this option to determine whether observed differences are due to mmaaddddss. The default is --TTAARRGG::mmaadddd==OONN for a MIPS IV target; it is ignored for others. pprroocceessssoorr==_t_y_p_e Select the processor for which to schedule code. _t_y_p_e can be either rr44000000, rr55000000, rr88000000, or rr1100000000. The chosen processor must support the ISA specified (or implied by the ABI). rr44kkrreevv2222==_f_l_a_g Generate code to work around bugs in the R4000 rev 2.2 chip. _f_l_a_g can be either OONN or OOFFFF. This currently means simulating 64-bit variable shifts in the software. --TTEENNVV:: ...... Invoke the target environment option group, which controls the target environment assumed and/or produced by the compiler. The following are the individual controls in this group: aalliiggnn__aaggggrreeggaattee==_b_y_t_e_s Control alignment of allocated aggregates, i.e. arrays and records. The value for _b_y_t_e_s specifies that any aggregate object at least that large is to be given at least that alignment. By default (or if no value is provided), aggregates are aligned to the integer register size (for example, 8 bytes for 64-bit programs and 4 bytes for 32-bit programs). The value 0 specifies that the minimum alignment consistent with the ABI is to be used. Otherwise, the value given must be a power of two no greater than 16. cchheecckk__ddiivv==_N See the DDEEBBUUGG__ggrroouupp(5) man page for more information. llaarrggee__GGOOTT==_f_l_a_g Assume that the Global Offset Table (for shared code) is more than 64K bytes, that is, generate large offsets for references to it. _f_l_a_g can be either OONN or OOFFFF. The default is --TTEENNVV::llaarrggee__GGOOTT==OOFFFF. ssmmaallll__GGOOTT==_f_l_a_g Assume that the Global Offset Table (for shared code) is less than 64K bytes, i.e. assume small offsets for references to it. _f_l_a_g can be either OONN or OOFFFF. XX==_l_e_v_e_l Specify the level of enabled exceptions that will be assumed for purposes of performing speculative code motion. _l_e_v_e_l can be a number between 1 and 4. The default level is 1 when the --OO00, --OO22 options are used; the default is 2 when the --OO33 option is used. In general, an instruction is not speculated (that is, moved above a branch by the optimizer) unless any exceptions it might cause are disabled by this option. * At level 0, no speculative code motion may be performed. * At level 1, safe speculative code motion may be performed, with IEEE-754 underflow and inexact exceptions disabled. * At level 2, all IEEE-754 exceptions are disabled except divide by zero. * At level 3, all IEEE-754 exceptions are disabled including divide by zero. * At level 4, memory exceptions may be disabled or ignored. NOTE: At levels above the default level 1, various hardware exceptions which are normally useful for debugging, or which are trapped and repaired by the hardware, may be disabled or ignored, with the potential of hiding obscure bugs. The program should not explicitly manipulate the IEEE floating-point trap-enable flags in the hardware if this option is used. --UU _n_a_m_e Remove any initial definition of _n_a_m_e. --uussee__rreeaaddwwrriittee__ccoonnsstt or --uussee__rreeaaddoonnllyy__ccoonnsstt Control the use of constants put in writable sections. Used with --nn3322 or --6644 only. By default, they are writable and thus changeable. However, if you want constants to be not writable, then in addition to --uussee__rreeaaddoonnllyy__ccoonnsstt you must also specify --GG00 --rrddaattaa__sshhaarreedd because by default the linker will make ..rrooddaattaa and gp-relative sections be on writable pages. --vveerrssiioonn Display the version number of the compiler. NNoottee: The compiler will not be run if this flag is used. --wwooffff _n_u_m_b_e_r Specify number list for warnings. In SGI Fortran, warnings can be suppressed. All warnings have been given a number, which appears in parentheses immediately after the word ``warning'' in the warning text. Fortran-specific message have numbers greater than 2000 (to make warning numbers distinct from those of other front ends), while cpp- related warnings have the same warning number as in the C front ends. The _n_u_m_b_e_r is a comma-separated set of 1 or more _n_u_m_b_e_r_s_e_t_s. A _n_u_m_b_e_r_s_e_t is either a simple integer or a pair of integers separated by a hyphen. Examples: --wwooffff CC22002266 This suppresses warning 2026. --wwooffff 22002266--22335522 This suppresses warnings 2026 through 2352. --wwooffff 22002266--22335522,,22440000--22550000 This suppresses numbers 2026 through 2352 and 2400 through 2500. --xxggoott Compile the program using a 32-bit offset in the Global Symbol Table (GOT). By default, addresses are loaded out of the GOT using a 16-bit offset from a context pointer. The default size of the GOT thus is limited to 64K bytes, or approximately 8K worth of symbols (16K for --oo3322 compiled objects). This can sometimes result in a GGOOTT oovveerrffllooww message. The --xxggoott option allows the GOT to contain up to 1G of entries; however, the resulting executable can be larger and slower and all objects must be compiled with the --xxggoott option. --xxggoott is a synonym for --TTEENNVV::llaarrggee__GGOOTT. See the description of --TTEENNVV for more details. A better solution for GOT overflow problems is to compile the objects without the --xxggoott option and to link using the --mmuullttiiggoott option, described in lldd(1). For more information about the GOT, the --xxggoott option and some important notes about its use, see the ddssoo(5) man page. _f_i_l_e._s_u_f_f_i_x File or files to be processed. See the DESCRIPTION section of this man page for a discussion of the types of files that can be processed. OOppttiioonnss ffoorr DDeevveellooppmmeenntt The following options aid compiler development and are not generally used: --WW _c,,_a_r_g[[,,_a_r_g......]] Pass the argument[s] specified by _a_r_g to the compiler pass _c. _c is one of the following values, which correspond to the following compiler passes: Compiler pass Value ccpppp pp ppffaa KK (Power Fortran 77 only) mmffeeff7777 ff bbee bb aassmm aa lldd ll Sets of these phase names can be used to select any combination of phases. In the following example, the option --oo ffoooo is passed to the bb and aa phases: -Wba,-o,foo --YY _c,,_p_a_t_h Sets the _p_a_t_h in which to find the associated phase, using the same phase names as given in the --WW option. Also, the letter II can be used to specify where to search for include files; the letter SS can be used to specify where to search for startup files (ccrrtt**..oo); and the letter LL can be used to specify where to search for libraries. DDeeffaauullttss SSppeecciiffiiccaattiioonn FFiilleess The compiler provides a method by which you can customize the Application Binary Interface (ABI), Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) and processor type used in compilations where they are not explicitly specified. Under this method, the CCOOMMPPIILLEERR__DDEEFFAAUULLTTSS__PPAATTHH environment variable can be set to a colon-separated list of paths where the compiler will look for a ccoommppiilleerr..ddeeffaauullttss file. If no ccoommppiilleerr..ddeeffaauullttss file is found or if the environment variable is not set, the compiler looks for //eettcc//ccoommppiilleerr..ddeeffaauullttss file. If that file is not found, the compiler uses the built-in defaults. The ccoommppiilleerr..ddeeffaauullttss file contains a --DDEEFFAAUULLTT:: option group specifier that can be used to specify the default ABI, ISA, processor, and optimization level. A warning is issued if anything other than a --DDEEFFAAUULLTT:: option is given in the ccoommppiilleerr..ddeeffaauullttss file. The format of the --DDEEFFAAUULLTT:: option group specifier is as follows: --DDEEFFAAUULLTT::[[aabbii==_a_b_i_t_y_p_e]][[::iissaa==_i_s_a_t_y_p_e]] [[::pprroocc==_r_t_y_p_e]] [[::oopptt==_l_e_v_e_l]][[::aarriitthh==_n_u_m_b_e_r]] The following values are valid for the arguments: _a_b_i_t_y_p_e ABI selections: oo3322 32-bit nn3322 high performance, n32 6644 64-bit _i_s_a_t_y_p_e ISA selections: mmiippss11 R3000 and above mmiippss22 R4000 and above mmiippss33 R4000 and above mmiippss44 R5000, R8000 and R10000 _r_t_y_p_e pprroocc selections indicate which processor schedules instructions by default and which paths will be added to the head of the library search path: rr44kk rr55kk rr88kk rr1100kk _l_e_v_e_l oopptt selections indicate which optimization level to use as the default: 00 11 22 33 If this is not specified, the compiler defaults to --OO00. The aarriitthh _n_u_m_b_e_r selection indicates which --OOPPTT::IIEEEEEE__aarriitthh== value to use as the default. Choose a number between 11 and 33. The --sshhooww__ddeeffaauullttss option can be used to print the ccoommppiilleerr..ddeeffaauullttss file being used and their values. This option is for diagnostic purposes only; it does not compile your program. The SSGGII__AABBII environment variable overrides the ABI default in the ccoommppiilleerr..ddeeffaauullttss file. In addition, explicit command line options can override all the defaults. For example, the following command: f77 -64 foo.c overrides a ccoommppiilleerr..ddeeffaauullttss file containing the following: -DEFAULT:abi=n32:isa=mips4:proc=r10k The command also performs the following compilation: -64 -mips4 -r10000 If you used the following in the above example: f77 -o32 foo.c it will not only override the ABI and use --oo3322,, but it also overrides the ISA to use --mmiippss22,, because --oo3322 supports only --mmiippss22 and --mmiippss11 compilations. The processor type is ignored by --oo3322 compilations. LLOOAADDEERR OOPPTTIIOONNSS Other arguments are assumed to be either loader options or CC -compatible object files, typically produced by an earlier ff7777 run, or libraries of CC -compatible routines. These files, together with the results of any compilations specified, are loaded in the order given, producing an executable program with the default name aa..oouutt.. EENNVVIIRROONNMMEENNTT VVAARRIIAABBLLEESS For information about environment variables, see the ppee__eennvviirroonn(5) man page. BBUUGGSS The compiler attempts to continue after finding semantic errors. These errors may result in compiler internal errors. NNOOTTEESS The standard library, //uussrr//lliibb//lliibbcc..ssoo..11, is loaded by using the --llcc loader option and not a full path name. If lliibbcc..ssoo..11 is specified explicitly, the wrong version could be loaded if there are files with the name libc.so.1 in the directories specified with the --LL loader option or in the default directories searched by the loader. When using the Graphics Library (--llggll), you must also specify the Fortran Graphics Library Interface (--llffggll) on the link line. For example: f77 file.f -lfgl -lgl Applications which provide their own eexxiitt function will not work with profiling (no profile data will be written out). EEXXAAMMPPLLEESS The following example compiles 64-bit MIPS IV (R8000, R10000, R5000) code, which does not run on R4000/R4400 processors. f77 -64 -mips4 _o_t_h_e_r _o_p_t_i_o_n_s The following example compiles 64-bit ABI (MIPS 3) code, scheduled for best performance on the R8000 processor but not using R8000-specific (MIPS IV) instructions so that it will be executable on R4000/R4400 processors. f77 -64 -TARG:proc=r8000 <other options> The following example compiles code with extensive optimization enabled, allowing transformations which affect floating-point round- off and overflow, assuming strict ANSI C aliasing rules. f77 ... -O2 -OPT:roundoff=2:alias=typed ....IP "" 5 The following example compiles code with aggressive optimization (including software pipelining) enabled, allowing transformations with arbitrary effects on floating-point round-off and overflow. f77 ... -O3 -OPT:roundoff=3.PD FFIILLEESS ffiillee..ff input file ffiillee..oo object file ffiillee..ll listing file aa..oouutt loaded output //ttmmpp//ccttmm** temporaries //uussrr//lliibb//ccpppp C macro preprocessor //uussrr//bbiinn//ccoorrdd procedure rearranger //uussrr//lliibb3322//ccmmppllrrss//mmffeeff7777 fortran front-end (--nn3322 and --6644) //uussrr//lliibb3322//ccmmppllrrss//bbee code generator (--nn3322 and --6644) //uussrr//lliibb3322//ccmmppllrrss//aassmm assembler (--nn3322 and --6644) //uussrr//lliibb**//mmccrrtt11..oo startup for profiling //uussrr//lliibb**//ccrrtt11..oo runtime startup //uussrr//lliibb**//ccrrttnn..oo runtime startup //uussrr//lliibb**//lliibbcc..aa standard library, see iinnttrroo(3) //uussrr//lliibb**//lliibbcc..ssoo..11 shared standard library //uussrr//lliibb**//lliibbffppee..aa floating-point exception handler library, see ssiiggffppee(3c) //uussrr//lliibb**//lliibbffttnn..ssoo fortran runtime library //uussrr//lliibb**//lliibbggll..ssoo IRIS-4D shared graphics library //uussrr//lliibb**//lliibbmm..aa math library //uussrr//lliibb**//lliibbmm..ssoo shared math library //uussrr//iinncclluuddee standard directory for `##iinncclluuddee' files //uussrr//bbiinn//lldd SGI loader //uussrr//bbiinn//rraattffoorr rational FORTRAN dialect preprocessor mmoonn..oouutt file produced for analysis by pprrooff(1) SSEEEE AALLSSOO _M_I_P_S_p_r_o _F_o_r_t_r_a_n _7_7 _R_e_f_e_r_e_n_c_e _M_a_n_u_a_l _M_I_P_S_p_r_o _F_o_r_t_r_a_n _7_7 _P_r_o_g_r_a_m_m_e_r'_s _G_u_i_d_e aass(1), cccc(1), ccoolllliiddee(1), ccpppp(1), ddbbxx(1), ddiiss(1), ffoopptt(1), ffttoocc(1), lldd(1), nnmm(1), eellffdduummpp(1), ppiixxiiee(1), ppffaa(1), pprrooff(1), rraattffoorr(1), ssppeeeeddsshhoopp(1), wwhhaatt(1), ggeettaabbii(3c), ssiiggffppee(3c). llnnoo(5), oopptt(5) _M_I_P_S_P_r_o _7 _F_o_r_t_r_a_n _9_0 _C_o_m_m_a_n_d_s _a_n_d _D_i_r_e_c_t_i_v_e_s _R_e_f_e_r_e_n_c_e _M_a_n_u_a_l, publication SR-3907 This man page is available only online.